WBJEE Biological Science Syllabus 2015

Plants

• Movements of water, nutrients and gases : Absorption of gases, water and nutrients; cell-to-cell transport, diffusion, active transport; plant-water relation- imbibitions, water potential, osmosis and plasmolysis; long distance transport- apoplasitc, symplastic, root pressure, transpiration pull, uptake of minerals; transpiration and gullation; opening and closing of stomata; transport through xylem and phloem
• Essential minerals : Macro and micro nutrients and their functions; elementary idea of hydroponics; nitrogen metabolism; nitrogen cycle; biological nitrogen fixation
• Respiration : Cellular respiration – glycolysis, fermentation, TCA cycle and ETS (aerobic)- definition, process and significance; energy relation – number of ATP molecules generated in respiration; amphibolic pathways; respiratory quotients of nutrients
• Photosynthesis : Definition; site of photosynthesis; photosynthetic pigments (structure not required); photochemical and biosynthetic phases; photorespiration; C3 and C4 pathways; factors controlling photosynthesis
• Growth and development : Idea of growth, differentiation and development; various growth factors ( light, temperature, water, nutrients, hormones only ); growth rate; growth regulation – auxin, gibberellins, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; seed germination, seed dormancy, vermilisation; photoperiodism- definition, types of plants on the basis of the length of photoperiod
• Reproduction : Mode of reproduction- sexual and asexual; asexual reproduction – definition, characteristics, modes (binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule formation, fragmentation, regeneration, vegetative propagation, cutting, grafting, layering and gootee); sexual reproduction – flower structure; pollination (autogamy and geitonogamy); cross pollination (allogamy and xenogamy); agents of pollination – brief description with examples; significance; development of male gametophyte and female gametophyte; out breeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction, double fertilization; post – fertilization events – development of endosperm and embryo (in brief); formation of fruit and development of seed ( elementary ); special modes – apomixes, parthenogenesis, parthenocarpy and polyembryony ( brief account ); significance of fruit and seed formation.
  Animals : Human
• Digestion and Absorption : Structure of human alimentary canal including dental arrangement and digestive glands ( in brief ); peristalsis; digestion, role of digestive enzymes and the Cr – I hormones in digestion; absorption, assimilation of carbohydrates, protein and fats; egestion; nutritional and digestive disorder – protein – energy malnutrition ( PEM ), indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhoea ( brief idea )
• Breathing and Respiration : Respiratory organs in animals ( in brief ); respiratory system in human ( outline ); mechanism of breathing and its regulation in human body; exchange of gases, transport of gases; regulation of respiration; respiratory volume; disorders related to respiration – asthma, emphysema, occupational respiratory disorders ( e.g. Silicosis, asbestosis ); definition of hypoxia, anoxia, apnoea, dyspnoea
• Body fluids and Circulation : Composition of blood (in tabular form); blood grouping; coagulation of blood; lymph and its function; outline idea of human circulatory system; structure of human heart and blood vessels; cardiac cycle, cardiac output, stroke volume, minute volume, determination of cardiac output – Fick’s principle; double circulation; regulation of cardiac activity ( neutral and hormonal ) including factors regulating blood pressure; disorders of circulatory system – hypertension, coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, heart failure ( brief idea only )
• Excretory Products and Their Elimination : Modes of excretion – ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism ( definition and examples ); human excretory system- structure and function ( histology of nephron ); urine formation n and osmoregulation; regulation of kidney functions, rennin, angiotensin, antidiuretic factor ( ADH ) and diabetes insipidus; role of other organs in excretion – liver, skin, lung and salivary glands; disorders- uremia, renal failure, renal calculi, nephritis; dialysis and artificial kidney ( brief idea only ) 
• Locomotion and Movement : Types of movement – ciliary, flagellar and muscular; skeletal muscle – contractile proteins and its function; joints; disorders of muscular and skeletal system – myasthenia gravis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, arthritis, osteoporosis, and gout ( brief idea only )
• Neural Control and Coordination : Brief idea of neurons and nerves, neural control and coordination; nervous system of human – central, peripheral and visceral; brain and its major parts – cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus and limbic system; midbrain, pons, medulla, cerebellum and spinal cord ( outline idea ); distribution and function of peripheral nervous system and autonomic nervous system; generation and conduction of nerve impulse; reflex action and reflex arc; sense organs – sensory perception; outline structure and function of eye and ear
• Chemical Coordination and Regulation : Endocrine glands and hormones; human endocrine system – hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads – location and function only; elementary idea of hormone action, role of hormones as messengers and regulators; hypo – and hyperactivity of endocrine glands and related diseases – dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goitre, exophthalmic goitre, diabetes, Addison’s disease ( brief idea of cause and symptoms only )
• Reproduction : Male and female reproductive system ( outline idea with diagram ); microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis (brief account); menstrual cycle; fertilization and development of embryo up to blastocyst formation; implantation, pregnancy and placenta formation; elementary idea of parturition and lactatio
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• Taxonomy, Systematics and Biodiversity : Definition; binomial nomenclature; Law of priority; need for classification; genetic diversity; species diversity, ecosystem diversity, biodiversity; five kingdom classification; salient features and classification of plants and animals. Ecology and Environment : Concept of ecology, ecosystem, environment, habitat and niche; biome concept and distribution; major abiotic factors; response to abiotic factors and adaptation; population interaction- mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes- growth, birth rate and death rate; trophic relationship, pyramids of number, biomass and energy; ecological succession.
  Biodiversity and Conservation : Pattern of biodiversity; importance and loss of biodiversity; need of biodiversity conservation; hotspot; endangered species; extinction; Red Data Book and Green Data Book; biodiversity conservation – biosphere reserve, national parks and sanctuaries ( general idea )
  Environmental Issues : Sound, air, water pollution and their control; agrochemical and their effects; green house effect and global warming; ozone depletion; deforestation; idea of success stories addressing environmental issues – 1 ) Chipko Movement, 2) Dasholi Gram Swarajya Mandal Movement (DGSM), Silent Valley or Amrita Devi Bishnoi Movement (Jaipur); concept and biomagnifications and bioaccumulation; cause of dyslexia,
  Minamata and itai-itai diseases; idea of BOD, COD, acid rain, ozone hole.
  Microbes and Human Welfare : Morphological characteristics of bacteriophage ( T2 ), plant virus ( TMV ), animal virus ( influenza ) and bacteria ( E. coli ), gram negative and gram positive bacteria ( characteristics and examples )
  Health and Diseases : Concept of immune system, antibody, antigen and its reactions; types of immunity, vaccine and vaccination ( brief idea ); pathogens and parasites causing human diseases ( only causative agents, symptoms of diseases, modes of transmission and preventive measures )- malaria, kala azar, amoebiasis, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, ring worm, HIV, AIDS, cancer.
  Biotechnology and its Applications : Principle and process of genetic engineering ( recombinant DNA technology ); cloning of microbial genes ( brief idea only ); application of biotechnology in health and agriculture – in household food processing; industrial production, energy generation, sewage treatment; Rhizobium and other nitrogen fixing bacteria, biofertilizers and biopesticides, industrial production of curd; tanning and brewery, synthesis of antibiotics, vitamins, human insulin and vaccine production; gene therapy, transgenesis, transgenic animals and plants with examples ( including BT cotton ).
  
  Science of Life : Basic unit of life process; Cell Theory; prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells – structure and differences.
  Ultra structure and functions of cellular components : Cell wall, Plasma membrane, Plastid, Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Lysosomes, Nucleus, Centrosomes, Cilia, Flagella.
  Chemical constituents of living cells : Classification, components and structural properties of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids; enzymes, enzymatic action ( lock and key, allosterism, regulation )
  Chromosome : Morphology of chromosomes; brief idea of polytene chromosomes; euchromatin and heterochromatin; nucleic acids as genetic material ( viral transduction and bacterial transformation )
  Cell division : Cell cycle; mitosis – definition and significance ( process not required ); meiosis- process, types and significance; difference between mitosis and meiosis.
  
  Genetics and Evolution :
  Mendelian inheritance ( laws only ); deviations from Mendelism – (i) incomplete dominance, (ii) codominance, (iii) multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups ( ABO, Rh ); phylogenetic inheritance ( elementary ); chromosome theory of inheritance; chromosomes and genes; sex determination in humans, birds and honey bees; linkage and crossing over; sex-linked inheritance – haemophilia, colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans – (i) autosomal (a) Thalassemia (b) Down syndrome; (ii) sex-linked (a) Turner’s syndrome (b) Klinefelter’s syndrome ( cause and symptoms only )
  Molecular basis of inheritance :
  DNA as the genetic material ( Griffith, Avery – MacLeod – McCarty and Hershey – Chase experiments ); structure of DNA and RNA; types of RNA – mRNA, rRNA and t-RNA; DNA packaging; central dogma ( elementary ); DNA replication; transcription; genetic code; translation; elementary knowledge of regulation of gene expression (lac operon); DNA finger printing ( basic idea only )
  Evolution :
  Origin of life – theories of origin of life; abiogenic origin / chemical origin of life – Oparin- Haldane hypothesis; biological evolution – evidences, theories of organic evolution, Darwin’s contribution, synthetic theory; mechanism of evolution – variation and its sources of origin, mutation, recombination; gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy – Weinberg principle; human evolution – an outline.
  Morphological variations and structural organization : Plant tissue and tissue system- types, structure and functions; animal tissue- classification, structure and functions in brief.
  
  
  
  
  

WBJEE Chemistry Syllabus 2015

Atoms, Molecules and Chemical Arithmetic :
Daltons atomic theory; Gay Lussacs law of gaseous volume; Avogadros Hypothesis and its applications. Atomic mass; Molecular mass; Equivalent weight; Valency; Gram atomic weight; Gram molecular weight; Gram equivalent weight and mole concept; Chemical formulae; Balanced chemical equations; Calculations ( based on mole concept ) involving common oxidation – reduction, neutralization, and displacement reactions; Concentration in terms of mole fraction, molarity, molality and normality. Percentage composition, empirical formula and molecular formula; Numerical problems.
Atomic Structure :
Concept of Nuclear Atom – electron, proton and neutron ( charge and mass ), atomic number; Rutherfords model and its limitations; Extra nuclear structure; Line spectra of hydrogen atom. Quantization of energy ( Plancks equation E = hν ); Bohrs model of hydrogen atom and its limitations, Sommerfelds modifications ( elementary idea ); The four quantum numbers, ground state electronic configurations of many electron atoms and mono – atomic ions; The Aufbau Principle; Paulis Exclusion Principle and Hunds Rule.
Dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie’s relationship, Uncertainty principle; The concept of atomic orbitals, shapes of s, p and d orbitals (pictorial approach).
Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry : Radioactivity  α-, β-, γ rays and their properties; Artificial transmutation; Rate of radioactive decay, decay constant, half – life and average age life period of radio – elements; Units of radioactivity; Numerical problems. Stability of the atomic nucleus – effect of neutron-proton (n/p) ratio on the modes of decay, group displacement law, radioisotopes and their uses ( C, P, Co and I as examples ) isobars and isotones ( definition and examples ), elementary idea of nuclear fission and fusion reactions.

The Periodic Table and Chemical Families :
Modern periodic law ( based on atomic number ); Modern periodic table based on electronic configurations, groups ( Gr. 1-18 ) and periods. Types of elements – representative ( s – block and p – block ), transition ( d – block ) elements and inner transition ( f – block / lanthanides and actinides ) and their general characteristics. Periodic trends in physical and chemical properties – atomic radii, valency, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic character, acidic and basic characters of oxides and hydrides of the representative elements ( up to Z = 36 ). Position of hydrogen and the noble gases in the periodic table; Diagonal relationships.

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure :
Valence electrons, the Octet rule, electrovalent, covalent and coordinate covalent bonds with examples; Properties of electrovalent and covalent compounds. Limitations of Octet rule ( examples ); Fajans Rule. Directionality of covalent bonds, shapes of poly – atomic molecules ( examples ); Concept of hybridization of atomic orbitals ( qualitative pictorial approach ) : sp, sp², sp³ and dsp². Molecular orbital energy diagrams for homonuclear diatomic species – bond order and magnetic properties.
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion ( VSEPR ) concept ( elementary idea ) – shapes of molecules. Concept of resonance ( elementary idea ), resonance structures ( examples ). Elementary idea about electronegativity, bond polarity and dipole moment, inter – and intra – molecular hydrogen bonding and its effects on physical properties ( mp, bp and solubility ); Hydrogen bridge bonds in diborane.
Coordination Compounds :
Introduction, Double salts and complex salts, coordination compounds (examples only), Werner’s theory, coordination number (examples of coordination number 4 and 6 only), colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds

Solid State:
Classification of solids based on different binding forces: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids ( elementary idea ). Unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties. Band theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and insulators and n & p type semiconductors.
Liquid State:
Vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension ( qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations ).
Gaseous State : Measurable properties of gases. Boyle’s Law and Charles Law, absolute scale of temperature, kinetic theory of gases, ideal gas equation – average, root mean square and most probable velocities and their relationship with temperature. Daltons Law of partial pressure, Grahams Law of gaseous diffusion. Deviations from ideal behavior. Liquefaction of gases, real gases, van der Waals equation; Numerical problems.
Chemical Energetics and Chemical Dynamics :
Chemical Energetics : Conservation of energy principle, energy changes in physical and chemical transformations. First law of thermodynamics; Internal energy, work and heat, pressure – volume work; Enthalpy. Internal energy change (ΔE) and Enthalpy change (ΔH) in a chemical reaction. Hesss Law and its applications ( Numerical problems ). Heat of reaction, fusion and vapourization; Second law of thermodynamics; Entropy; Free energy; Criterion of spontaneity.
Chemical Equilibria : The Law of mass action, dynamic nature of chemical equilibria. Equilibrium constants, Le Chateliers Principle. Equilibrium constants of gaseous reactions ( K_p and K_c ) and relation between them ( examples ). Significance of ΔG and ΔGº.
Chemical Dynamics : Factors affecting the rate of chemical reactions ( concentration, pressure, temperature, catalyst ), Concept of collision theory. Arrhenius equation and concept of activation energy. Order and molecularity ( determination excluded ); First order reactions, rate constant, half – life ( numerical problems ), examples of first order and second order reactions.

Physical Chemistry of Solutions :
Colloidal Solutions : Differences from true solutions; Hydrophobic and hydrophilic colloids ( examples and uses ); Coagulation and peptization of colloids; Dialysis and its applications; Brownian motion; Tyndall effect and its applications; Elementary idea of emulsion, surfactant and micelle.
Electrolytic Solutions : Specific conductance, equivalent conductance, ionic conductance, Kohlrausch’s law, Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, applications. Numerical problems.
Non – electrolytic Solutions : Types of solution, vapour pressure of solutions. Raoult’s Law; Colligative properties – lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure and their relationships with molecular mass ( without derivations ); Numerical problems.
Ionic and Redox Equilibria : Ionic equilibria – ionization of weak electrolytes, Ostwald’s dilution law. Ionization constants of weak acids and bases, ionic product of water, the pH – scale, pH of aqueous solutions of acids and bases; Buffer solutions, buffer action and Henderson equation. Acid – base titrations, acid – base indicators ( structures not required ). Hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), solubility product, common ion effect (no numerical problems).

Redox Equilibria : Oxidation – Reduction reactions as electron transfer processes, oxidation numbers, balancing of redox reactions by oxidation number and ion – electron methods. Standard electrode potentials ( E° ), Electrochemical series, feasibility of a redox reaction. Significance of Gibb’s equation : ΔG° = – nFΔE° ( without derivation ), no numerical problems. Redox titrations with ( examples ); Nernst equations ( Numerical problems ).
Hydrogen : Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen, hydrides-ionic covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water, hydrogen peroxide – preparation, reactions and structure and use; hydrogen as a fuel.
Chemistry of Non – Metallic Elements and their Compounds :
Carbon – occurrence, isotopes, allotropes ( graphite, diamond, fullerene ); CO and CO₂ production, properties and uses. Nitrogen and Phosphorus – occurrence, isotopes, allotopes, isolation from natural sources and purification, reactivity of the free elements. Preparation, properties, reactions of NH₃, PH₃, NO, NO₂, HNO₂, HNO₃, P4O₁₀, H₃PO₃ and H₃PO₄.
Oxygen and Sulphur – Occurrence, isotopes, allotropic forms, isolation from natural sources and purification, properties and reactions of the free elements. Water, unusual properties of water, heavy water ( production and uses ). Hydrogen peroxide and ozone ( production, purification, properties and uses ).

Halogen : Halogens – comparative study, occurrence, physical states and chemical reactivities of the free elements, peculiarities of fluorine and iodine; Hydracids of halogens ( preparation, properties, reactions and uses ), inter – halogen compounds ( examples ); Oxyacids of chlorine.
Chemistry of Metals : General principles of metallurgy – occurrence, concentration of ores, production and purification of metals, mineral wealth of India. Typical metals ( Na, Ca, Al, Fe, Cu and Zn ) – occurrence, extraction, purification ( where applicable ), properties and reactions with air, water, acids and non – metals. Manufacture of steels and alloy steel ( Bessemer, Open – Hearth and L.D. process ). Principles of chemistry involved in electroplating, anodizing and galvanizing.
Lanthanoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.
Actinoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.
Chemistry in Industry : Large scale production ( including physicochemical principles where applicable, omitting technical details ) and uses of Sulphuric acid ( contact process ), Ammonia ( Haber’s process ), Nitric acid ( Ostwald’s process ), sodium bi-carbonate and sodium carbonate ( Solvey process ).
Polymers :
Natural and synthetic polymers, methods of polymerization ( addition and condensation ), copolymerization, some important polymers – natural and synthetic like polythene, nylonpolyesters, bakelite, rubber. Biodegradable and non – biodegradable polymers.
Surface Chemistry :
Adsorption – physisorption and chemisorption, factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids, catalysis, homogenous and heterogenous activity and selectivity; enzyme catalysis colloidal state distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspension; lyophilic , lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation, emulsion – types of emulsions.
Environmental Chemistry :
Common modes of pollution of air, water and soil. Ozone layer, ozone hole – important chemical reactions in the atmosphere, Smog; major atmospheric pollutants; Green House effect; Global warming – pollution due to industrial wastes, green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategies for control of environment pollution.
Chemistry of Carbon Compounds :
Hybridization of carbon – σ – and π – bonds. Isomerism – constitutional and stereoisomerism; Geometrical and optical isomerism of compounds containing upto two asymmetric carbon atoms. IUPAC nomenclature of simple organic compounds – hydrocarbons, mono and bifunctional molecules only ( alicyclic and heterocyclic compounds excluded ). Conformations of ethane and n – butane ( Newman projection only ).
Electronic Effects : Inductive, resonance and hyperconjugation. Stability of carbocation, carbanion and free radicals; Rearrangement of carbocation; Electrophiles and nucleophiles, tautomerism in β – dicarbonyl compounds, acidity and basicity of simple organic compounds.
Aliphatic Compounds : Alkanes – Preparation from alkyl halides and carboxylic acids; Reactions — halogenation and combustion.
Alkenes and Alkynes – Preparation from alcohols; Formation of Grignard reagents and their synthetic applications for the preparation of alkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and acids; SNl and SN2 reactions ( preliminary concept ). Markownikoff’s and anti – Markownikoff’s additions; Hydroboration; Oxymercuration - demercuration, reduction of alkenes and alkynes ( H2 / Lindler catalyst and Na in liquid NH3 ), metal acetylides.
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes :
Haloalkanes – Preparation from alcohols; Nomenclature, nature of C -X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions, optical rotation. Formation of Grignard reagents and their synthetic applications for the preparation of alkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and acids; SN1 and SN2 reactions ( preliminary concept ). Uses and environmental effects of – dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.
Alcohols : Preparation from carbonyl compounds and esters. Reaction – dehydration, oxidation, esterification, reaction with sodium, ZnCl₂ / HCl, phosphorous halides.
Ethers :  Preparation by Williamson’s synthesis; Cleavage with HCl and HI.
Aldehydes and Ketones :  Preparation from esters, acid chlorides, gem – dihalides, Ca – salt of carboxylic acids. Reaction – Nucleophilic addition with HCN, hydrazine, hydroxyl amines, semi carbazides, alcohols; Aldol condensation, Clemmensen and Wolff – Kishner reduction, haloform, Cannizzaro and Wittig reactions.
Carboxylic Acids : Hydrolysis of esters ( mechanism excluded ) and cyanides; Hunsdicker and HVZ reactions.

Aliphatic Amines : Preparation from nitro, cyano and amido compounds. Distinction of 1º, 2º and 3º amines ( Hinsberg method ); Reaction with HNO₂; Carbyl amine reaction.
Aromatic Compounds
Benzene – Kekule structure, aromaticity and Hückel rule. Electrophilic substitution – halogenation, sulfonation, nitration, Friedel Crafts reaction, ozonolysis. Directive influence of substituents in monosubstituted benzenes.
Amines : Preparation from reduction of nitro compounds; Formation of diazonium salts and their stability; Replacement of diazonium group with H, OH, X ( halogen ), CN and NO₂, diazocoupling and reduction.
Haloarenes : Nature of C -X bond, substitution reactions; Nucleophilic substitution, cine substitution ( excluding mechanism, Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only ).
Phenols : halogenation, sulfonation, nitration, Reimer – Tiemann and Kolbe reactions.
Aromatic Aldehydes : Preparation by Gattermann, Gattermann – Koch, Rosenmund and Stephen’s method. Reactions – Perkin, Benzoin and Cannizzaro.
Application Oriented chemistry : Main ingredients, their chemical natures ( structures excluded ) and their side effects, if any, of common antiseptics, analgesics, antacids, vitamin – C.
Introduction to Bio – Molecules : Carbohydrates – Pentoses and hexoses. Distinctive chemical reactions of glucose. Aminoacids – glycine, alanine, aspartic acid, cysteine ( structures ). Zwitterion structures of amino acids, peptide bond. ADP and ATP – structures and role in bioenergetics; Nucleic acids – DNA and RNA skeleton structures. Names of essential elements in biological system.
Principles of Qualitative Analysis : Detection of water soluble non – interfering Acid and Basic Radicals by dry and wet tests from among :

• Acid Radicals : Cl-, S^2-, SO₄^2-, NO^–₃, CO₃^2-
• Basic Radicals : Cu²⁺, Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, NH₄⁺

Detection of special elements ( N, Cl, Br, I and S ) in organic compounds by chemical tests. Identification of functional groups in : phenols, aromatic amines, aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids.

WBJEE Physics Syllabus 2015

Physical World, Measurements, Units & dimensions: Physical World, Measurements, Units & dimensions Units & Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis & its applications, error in measurements, significant figures.
Kinematics : Scalars & vectors, representation of vectors in 3D, dot & cross product & their applications, elementary differential & integral calculus, time-velocity & relevant graphs, equations of motion with uniform acceleration.
Laws of motion: Newton’s laws of motion, using algebra & calculus, inertial & non inertial frames, conservation of linear momentum with applications, elastic & inelastic collisions, impulse centripetal force, banking of roads, relative velocity, projectile motion & uniform circular motion
Work, power, energy : Work, power, energy Work, work-energy theorem, power, energy, work done by constant & variable forces, PE & KE, conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and non-conservative forces, PE of a spring,
Motion of centre of mass, connected systems, Friction : Centre of mass of two – particle system, motion of connected system, torque, equilibrium of rigid bodies, moments of inertia of simple geometric bodies ( 2D ) [ without derivation ] conservation of angular momentum, friction and laws of friction.
Gravitation : Kepler’s laws, ( only statement ) universal law of gravitation, acceleration due to gravity  (g ), variation of g, gravitational potential & PE, escape velocity, orbital velocity of satellites, geostationary orbits.
Bulk properties of matter : Elasticity, Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear, rigidity modulus, Poisson’s ratio elastic potential energy. Fluid pressure: Pressure due to a fluid column, buoyancy, Pascal’s law, effect of gravity on fluid pressure. Surface tension: Surface energy, phenomena involving surface tension, angle of contact, capillary rise,
Viscosity : Coefficient of viscosity, streamline & turbulent motion, Reynold’s number, Stoke’s law, terminal velocity, Bernoulli’s theorem.
Heat & Thermal Physics : Heat & temperature, thermal expansion of solids. liquids & gases, ideal gas laws, isothermal & adiabatic processes; anomalous expansion of water & its effects, sp. heat capacity, Cp, Cv, calorimetry; change of state, specific latent heat capacity. Heat transfer; conduction, thermal and thermometric conductivity, convection & radiation, Newton’s law of cooling, Stefan’s law.

Thermodynamics : Thermal equilibrium ( Zeroth law of thermodynamics ), heat, work & internal energy. 1^st law of thermodynamics, isothermal & adiabatic processes, 2nd law of thermodynamics,reversible & irreversible processes.
Kinetic theory of gases : Equation of state of a perfect gas, kinetic theory of gases, assumptions in Kinetic theory of gases, concept of pressure. & temperature; rms speed of gas molecules; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy ( introductory ideas ) & application to specific heats of gases; mean free path, Avogadro number.
Oscillations & Waves : Periodic motion – time period, frequency, time-displacement eqation, Simple harmonic motion ( S.H.M ) & its equation; phase; SHM in different sytems, restoring force & force const, energy in S.H.M.-KE & PE, free, forced & damped oscillations ( introductory ideas ), resonance wave motion, equation for progressive wave, longitudinal & transverse waves, sound waves, Newton’s formula & Laplace’s correction, factors affecting the velocity of sound in air, principles of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings & organ pipes, fundamental mode, harmonics & overtones, beats, Doppler effect.
Electrostatics : Conservation of electric charges, Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle & continuous charge distribution. Electric field, & potential due to a point charge & distribution of charges, electric field lines electric field due to a
dipole; torque on a dipole in uniform electric field; electric flux, Gauss’ theorem & its simple applications, conductors & insulators, free charges & bound charges inside a conductor; dielectrics & electric polarisation, capacitors & capacitance, combination of capacitors in series & in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with & without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor.

Current Electricity : Electric current, & conductor, drift velocity’ mobility & their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, Ohmic and non – Ohmic conductors, electrical energy & power, carbon resistors, colour codes, combination of resistances, temperature dependence of resistances, electric cell, emf and internal resistance of an electric cell, pd, combination of cells, secondary cells, ( introductory ) Kirchoff’s laws of electrical network, simple applications, principle of Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge and potentiometer and their uses, thermoelectricity; Seebeck effect; Peltier effect, thermo emf.
Magnetic effect of current : Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment, Biot – Savart law & its application to current carrying circular loop; Ampere’s law & its applications to infinitely long straight 6wire, straight and toroidal solenoids; force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic & electric fields, cyclotron frequency; force on a current – carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current – carrying conductors– definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity & conversion to ammeter & voltmeter, Inter-conversion of voltmeter & ammeter & change of their ranges.

Magnetics : Current loop as a magnetic dipole & its magnetic dipole moment, magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron, magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole bar magnet along its axis & perpendicular to its axis, torque on a magnetic dipole ( bar magnet ) in a uniform magnetic field; magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth’s magnetic field & its magnetic elements. para-, dia- & ferro- magnetic substances, with examples. Electromagnets & the factors affecting their strengths, permanent magnets.
Electromagnetic induction & alternating current : Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s laws, induced emf & current; Lenz’s Law, eddy currents, self & mutual induction, alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating current and voltage; reactance and impedance; LR & CR circuits, phase lag & lead, LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, wattless current.
Electromagnetic waves : Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics ( qualitative ideas only ), transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic spectrum, applications of the waves from the different parts of the spectrum.

Optics I ( Ray optics ) : Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total internal reflection & its applications, optical fibres, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lensmaker’s formula. Newton’s relation: Displacement method to find position of images ( conjugate points ) Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, combination of a lens & a mirror refraction and dispersion of light through a prism; optical instruments, human eye, image formation & accommodation, correction of eye defects ( myopia, hypermetropia ) using lenses, microscopes & astronomical telescopes ( reflecting & refracting ) & their magnifying powers.
Optics II ( Wave Optics ) : Scattering of light – blue colour of the sky, elementary idea of Raman effect; wave optics: wave front & Huygens’ principle, reflection & refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection & refraction using Huygens’ principle Interference, Young’s double slit experiment & expression for fringe width, coherent sources, Fraunhoffer diffraction due to a single slit,
Particle nature of light & wave particle dualism : Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation – particle nature of light, matter waves; wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation.

Atomic Physics : Alpha-particle scattering expt Rutherford’s nuclear atom model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, energy levels in a hydrogen atom, hydrogen spectrum, continuous & characteristic x-rays.
Nuclear Physics : Composition & size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones, radioactivity – alpha, beta & gamma particles / rays & their properties; radioactive decay law; mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon & its variation with mass number; nuclear  fission & fusion.
Solid state Electronics : Energy bands in solids ( qualitative ideas only ), conductors, insulators & semiconductors; semiconductor diode – I – V characteristics in forward & reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I – V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell & Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator, junction transistor ( BJT ), transistor action, characteristics of a BJT, BJT as an amplifier ( CE configuration ) & oscillator; logic gates ( OR, AND, NOT, NAND & NOR ).

WBJEE 2015 Syllabus for Mathematics

Algebra :
A.P., G.P., H.P. : Definitions of A. P. and G.P.; General term; Summation of first n – terms series ∑n, ∑n², ∑n³ ; Arithmetic / Geometric series, A.M., G.M. and their relation; Infinite G.P. series and its sum.
Logarithms : Definition; General properties; Change of base.
Complex Numbers : Definition and properties of complex numbers; Complex conjugate; Triangle inequality; Square root of complex numbers; Cube roots of unity; De Moivre’s theorem ( statement only ) and its elementary applications. Solution of quadratic equation in complex number system.
Quadratic Equations : Quadratic equations with real coefficients; Relations between roots and coefficients; Nature of roots; Formation of a quadratic equation, sign and magnitude of the quadratic expression ax²+bx+c ( where a,b,c are rational numbers and a≠0 ).
Permutation and combination : Permutation of n different things taken r at a time ( r ≤ n ). Permutation of n things not all different. Permutation with repetitions ( circular permutation excluded ). Combinations of n different things taken r at a time ( r ≤ n ). Combination of n things not all different. Basic properties. Problems involving both permutations and combinations.
Principle of Mathematical Induction : Statement of the principle, proof by induction for the sum of squares, sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, divisibility properties like 2²ⁿ – 1 is divisible by 3 ( n ≥1 ), 7 divides 3²ⁿ⁺¹+2ⁿ⁺² ( n ≥ 1 ).

Binomial theorem ( positive integral index ) : Statement of the theorem, general term, middle term, equidistant terms, properties of binomial co – efficients.
Matrices : Concepts of m× n ( m ≤ 3, n ≤ 3 ) real matrices, operations of addition, scalar multiplication and multiplication of matrices. Transpose of a matrix. Determinant of a square matrix. Properties of determinants ( statement only ). Minor, cofactor and adjoint of a matrix. Nonsingular matrix. Inverse of a matrix. Finding area of a triangle. Solutions of system of linear equations. ( Not more than 3 variables ).

Sets, Relations and Mappings :  Idea of sets, subsets, power set, complement, union, intersection and difference of sets, Venn diagram, De Morgan’s Laws, Inclusion / Exclusion formula for two or three finite sets, Cartesian product of sets.

Relation and its properties. Equivalence relation – definition and elementary examples, mappings, range and domain, injective, surjective and bijective mappings, composition of mappings, inverse of a mapping. Statistics and Probability : Measure of dispersion, mean, variance and standard deviation, frequency distribution.Addition and multiplication rules of probability, conditional probability and Bayes’ Theorem,independence of events, repeated independent trails and Binomial distribution.
Trigonometry : Trigonometric functions, addition and subtraction formulae, formulae involving multiple and submultiple angles, general solution of trigonometric equations. Properties of triangles, inverse trigonometric functions and their properties.

Co – ordinate Geometry of Two Dimensions :
Distance formula, section formula, area of a triangle, condition of collinearity of three points in a plane. Polar coordinates, transformation from Cartesian to polar coordinates and vice versa. Parallel transformation of axes, concept of locus, elementary locus problems.
Slope of a line. Equation of lines in different forms, angle between two lines. Condition of perpendicularity and parallelism of two lines. Distance of a point from a line. Distance between two parallel lines. Lines through the point of intersection of two lines.
Equation of a circle with a given center and radius. Condition that a general equation of second degree in x, y may represent a circle. Equation of a circle in terms of endpoints of a diameter. Equation of tangent, normal and chord. Parametric equation of a circle. Intersection of a line with a circle. Equation of common chord of two intersecting circles.
Definition of conic section, Directrix, Focus and Eccentricity, classification based on eccentricity.

Calculus
Differential calculus : Functions, composition of two functions and inverse of a function, limit, continuity, derivative, chain rule, derivatives of implicit functions and of functions defined parametrically. Rolle’s Theorem and Lagrange’s Mean Value theorem ( statement only ). Their geometric interpretation and elementary application. L’Hospital’s rule ( statement only ) and applications. Second order derivative.
Integral calculus : Integration as a reverse process of differentiation, indefinite integral of standard functions. Integration by parts. Integration by substitution and partial fraction. Definite integral as a limit of a sum with equal subdivisions. Fundamental theorem of integral calculus and its applications. Properties of definite integrals.
Differential Equations : Formation of ordinary differential equations, solution of homogeneous differential equations, separation of variables method, linear first order differential equations.
Application of Calculus : Tangents and normals, conditions of tangency. Determination of monotonicity, maxima and minima. Differential coefficient as a measure of rate. Motion in a straight line with constant acceleration. Geometric interpretation of definite integral as area, calculation of area bounded by elementary curves and straight lines. Area of the region included between two elementary curves.
Vectors : Addition of vectors, scalar multiplication, dot and cross products, scalar triple product.